The Syrian Refugee Crisis - 869 Words

Evolution; the biological term for change over time. However, this word extends to much more than simply a bird’s beak getting longer over generations. This principle can also be associated with the growth of a person, but in a much more metaphysical fashion. To give an example, throughout this performance task, I have evolved as a writer, student, and team member. This is clearly exemplified through the steps my team and I took to complete this essay. We began with plainly discussing all of my members’ ideas, eventually deciding our top three topic choices. Finally, we chose the Syrian refugee crisis as our paper’s topic. From there, we decided that the whole crisis was too broad and I already knew too much about it overall. Fortunately, focusing on Germany would solve both of those obstacles. It would center our research -- and therefore our paper -- and I had little information on particularly Germany. Next, we assigned each person a lens, ending with economic, social, historical, and cultural. For my individual paper I decided to research on how refugees can be economically beneficial for Germany. The sources I used were some I gathered from my Speech and Debate experience with the topic, and some were ones I had to avidly search for. This helped me improve because I practiced social and researching skills while working with my team, skills I will no doubt use in the future. After finishing my research and individual paper, the next hurdle was completing the teamShow MoreRelatedSyrian And The Syrian Refugee Crisis1953 Words   |  8 Pages Since the beginning of the Syrian war in 2011, The Western world is witnessing the largest forced migration of peoples since World War II, about 2.7 million Syrians have fled the country and settled in the neighboring states, including Lebanon, Turkey, Iraq, Jordan, and Egypt. Currently, there are approximately 4 million Syrian refugees registered in the region. The Syrian refugee crisis has brought tremendous challenges to the region. If the Syrian refugee crisis is not treated as global problemRead MoreThe Syrian Refugee Crisis906 Words   |  4 Pageshave been presented a gift, in the wake of the Syrian refugee crisis, to retake our place as The Superpower, and what do we do? We would rather listen to bigots spew nonsense, have a circus sideshow perform, and only take half measures to show we are ‘doing our part’. How about we take a stand, and look through the facade, and do something. A common cause for concern--amongst our many incompetent citizens and leaders--is ‘what religion are the Syrian refugees’? Senator Ted Cruz, one of several RepublicanRead MoreThe Syrian Refugee Crisis1776 Words   |  8 Pagescommunity is the Syrian Refugee Crisis. The situation has only escalated since its start in 2011, and as the number of displaced Syrians reaches over 9 million, countries around the world, not just the ones in the Middle East, are increasing efforts to offer asylum and aid for these people. The Syrian Refugee Crisis began with peaceful anti-government protests in March of 2011, but after the violent response of the government, rebels, army defectors, and many civilians formed the Free Syrian Army by JulyRead MoreIs The Syrian Refugee Crisis?1139 Words   |  5 PagesThe issue I have chosen to write about is the Syrian refugee crisis. I believe this is a pertinent topic of discussion because it is an ongoing issue that is quintessential of conflict s witnessed previously, and unfortunately is likely to be representative of many conflicts to come. This is a morally loaded situation because evaluating what actions are warranted, and even required, is the subject of moral judgements by both nations and individuals. In this essay I shall first offer a descriptiveRead MoreSyrian Refugees Crisis And The Syrian Refugee Crisis Essay1346 Words   |  6 PagesLatifa HassanJan Syrian Refugee University of Kansas On September of 2015, the image of 3-year-old Aylan Kurdi went viral. â€Å"The toddler’s lifeless body on a Turkish beach had reverberated across the globe† (Parkinson George-Cosh, 2015). Aylan’s family had â€Å"fled the brutal civil war in their native Syria and only attempted the boat crossing after Canada denied their application of admission as refugees. The image led to an astonishing outpouring of support for Syrian refugees† (HeinRead MoreThe Syrian Refugee Crisis For Syrian Refugees2434 Words   |  10 Pages The Syrian Refugee Crisis Whether or not the United States should be admitting more Syrian refugees into the country is a constant debate among people. Syrian refugee lives are just as important as American citizens lives and for this reason, the United States has a responsibility to help. The U.S. is one of the wealthiest countries in the world and can contribute by providing sizable financial, humanitarian, and medical aid for Syrian refugees. While Lebanon, Turkey, Jordan, Iraq, andRead MoreThe Conflict Of The Syrian Refugee Crisis1624 Words   |  7 Pagesdestroys more homes and livelihoods each year, an increasing number of civilians have been forced to leave Syria and try to find safety elsewhere. Already a contentious issue, the Syrian refugee crisis has awakened tensions, both economic and social as debate erupts over what to do with the refugees.In response to the crisis, while some countries like Germany have pledged to help the refugees, (New Statesman 2015 1) only 2,340 have been admitted. Cle arly, more needs to be done in order to help theRead MoreSyrian Refugee Crisis : Syria Essay945 Words   |  4 PagesSyrian refugee crisis During recent years, Syrian refugee crisis gradually became one of the major issues in the worldwide. On the evening of 13 November 2015, a series of terrorist attacks occurred in Paris. The attacks caused 129 deaths. According to the Washington post â€Å"A key bit of evidence that emerged in the investigation of the Paris terror attacks, which saw at least 129 people killed on Friday, is a supposed Syrian passport found near the body of one of the slain assailants. It bore theRead MoreWithdrawal Of The Syrian Refugee Crisis1602 Words   |  7 PagesEXECUTIVE SUMMARY This policy memo addresses the current possible U.S. options to the Syrian refugee crisis. I have identified three different options: Increase Syrian refugee resettlement commitments, establish safe zones in northern Syria, or seal the Syrian border. As conditions continue to deteriorate in Syria and the number of refugees continues to increase, it is critical that you strengthen the U.S. position in the country of Syria. The establishment of safe zones would align our moralRead MoreThe Syrian Refugee Crisis Essay2252 Words   |  10 PagesThe Syrian Refugee Crisis Conflict, this term has a broad definition that is defined as â€Å"latent tensions and disagreements on the one end and goes to armed and violent clashes (e.g. wars) on the other† (Eroglu Utku, Sirkeci, and Yazgan 2015). This is the root cause of many of the violent wars and crises that have occurred over thousands of years. In more recent times critical conflicts that have occurred throughout the world have had adverse effects globally. It was estimated, by the United Nations

Solving Cases with Forensic DNA Analysis - 975 Words

Forensic DNA analysis is still a relatively new method that has been used to solve cases such as crimes and paternity tests. This method of forensic evaluation is examined by using genetic material, DNA, an acronym for deoxyribonucleic acid. Although each individual’s DNA differs from someone else’s, with the exception of identical twins, around 99.9% of DNA is the same in each person (The FBI DNA Laboratory). Therefore, in order to identify the genetic profile of the individual being analyzed, scientists focus on the remaining 0.1% of DNA that differentiates one person from another (The FBI DNA Laboratory). History of Forensic DNA Analysis: DNA fingerprinting was introduced around 1986 to identify an alleged suspect in a rape-murder case (Panneerchelvam and Norazmi 22). Since then, using forensic DNA analysis has become more prevalent and has helped to exonerate many innocent suspects involved in such cases. Despite being used in only one percent of criminal cases, DNA tests have helped to acquit over 25 percent of wrongfully accused suspects (Can DNA Demand a Verdict?/Baird, Neufeld, and Scheck, 34). As of 2008, over 120 countries use some sort of forensic DNA analysis in cases like these (INTERPOL Global DNA Profiling). Usage: In order to analyze DNA, scientists require a sample of the individual being tested, such as blood, semen, or hair, before they can create a genetic profile of the person (Petricevic 1). Scientists can then analyze those samples using aShow MoreRelatedDna Evidence Of A Dna Unit Within A Crime Lab1551 Words   |  7 Pagesin the crime world, DNA evidence is strongly accepted in solving crime cases. This is all based in part by allowing a crime laboratory to have a designated unit whose main goal is to analyze DNA evidence to aid investigators with positive outcomes in crime case solving. With that being said we are going to discuss the functions of a DNA unit within a crime lab as well as address the vital role these units play in solving crime. Let’s start by defining what in fact is DNA analysis. According to theRead MoreDna And The Criminal Justice System872 Words   |  4 PagesDeoxyribonucleic Acid, otherwise known as DNA has played a crucial part in many investigations both past and present. It can be used to identify criminals when there is evidence left behind with incredible accuracy. DNA evidence is taken seriously enough that it can exonerate, or bring about a conviction. In Today’s society DNA evidence and technology is vital to the criminal justice system by ensuring accuracy and fairness. In 1984, Alec Jeffreys of the University of LeicesterRead MoreForensic Scientists And Innovative Technology Impacting The World1621 Words   |  7 Pagescut beneath the throat. An officer asks â€Å"Do you think it is right to assume he committed suicide?† A forensic scientist would say no, they can perform examinations to reasonably prove this suicide was staged with the evidence available and uncover more like a puzzle. Crime and mysteries are reoccurring with more novelty, and because of this, forensic science must adapt and evolve with its forensic scientists and innovative technology impacting the world. (â€Å"Latest Crime Statistics Released†) PracticesRead MoreEssay on DNA in the Forensic Science Community1500 Words   |  6 Pagesacid (DNA) collection and its relationship to solving crimes. The collection of DNA is one of the most important steps in identifying a suspect in a crime. DNA evidence can either convict or exonerate an individual of a crime. Furthermore, the accuracy of forensic identification of evidence has the possibility of leaving biased effects on a juror (Carrell, Krauss, Liberman, Miethe, 2008). This paper examines Carrells et al’s research along with three other research articles to review how DNA isRead MoreThe Importance of Dna Evidence1575 Words   |  7 PagesThe Importance of DNA Evidence What is DNA? Is it these winding strands that look like ladders or is it what gives a person blonde hair and blue eyes? Actually, DNA is both of these things. DNA is a person’s genetic makeup–their hereditary blueprint passed on by their parents. It is a part of almost every cell in the human body. In each cell, a person’s DNA is the same; it stays the same throughout their lifetime. DNA is found in skin tissue, sweat, bone, the root and shaft of hair, earwax, mucusRead MoreForensic Science : The Fastest Growing Criminal Justice Field1089 Words   |  5 Pagesour crime solving abilities. Forensics actually is the fastest growing criminal justice field in America. Seemingly always in the background, forensics is a major part of our criminal justice systems as a whole. Forensic Science has contributed to our world a great deal in multiple ways, and very significant ways. By the close of the 20th century, forensic scientists had a wealth of high-tech tools at their disposal for analyzing evidence from polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for DNA analysis, to digitalRead MoreForensic Science : An Effective Tool For The Law Enforcement1319 Words   |  6 PagesForensic science has come a long way to solving crimes as they occur each day, from stealing, killings, burglary and kidnappings. People that commit these crimes need to be caught so that they pay the consequence for their actions. While catching a criminal is not an easy task, however some of the most effective ways to do so come from the effectiveness of DNA analysis. Forensic scientist play a vital role in helping catch criminals, using different devices so as DNA markers and DNA testing alongRead MoreEssay about DNA, The New Crime Investigator1358 Words   |  6 PagesDNA, The New Crime Investigator Abstract What is DNA? The scientific definition is â€Å"deoxyribonucleic acid, the biological polymer that stores the genetic information in all free living organisms. Two linear molecules entwine to form the double helix. Now that the definition has been stated, let’s now define what DNA means to a crime scene or case investigator. In the law enforcement business DNA has been introduce as a revolutionary and efficient accurate tool to solve and crack modern andRead MoreHair Analysis : Forensic Science966 Words   |  4 Pagesmid-1800s. However, hair analysis in forensic science began in 1930. During which time, a forensic scientist by the name of Edmond Locard introduced the Locard Exchange Principal. This principal hinges on the fact that any time there is contact between two surfaces an exchange of material will take place. (Oien, 2009) In this paper, I will prove how Forensic Hair Analysis and Forensic Hair comparison and studies if properly performed and correctly interpreted h air analysis meets all the scientificRead MoreA Visual Of The Mitochondrial Dna1484 Words   |  6 Pages Figure 2. A visual of the mitochondrial DNA molecule shows where the DNA gets analyzed by forensic geneticists, the hypervariable regions 1 and 2. Figure 3. The results of the TaqMan system containing the DNA numbers from various analyzed sampled. Thesis Discussion DNA phenotyping serves to determine the physical attributes of a specific individual based off of genetic material that was left behind at a crime scene. By being able to determine physical traits such as hair

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Women in the Military The Combat Exclusion Law Essay

The question originally posed in the Combat Exclusion Law, regarding placement of females in combat, continues to be debated as women are placed in combat roles without adequate training (Sanchez, 2011). What distinguishes some positions as being acceptable while others are not? Who has the authority to approve exceptions, and what exceptions have been made? On May 13, 2011, a bill placed before the House of Representatives addressed the issue to â€Å"repeal the ground combat exclusion policy for female members† (Sanchez, 2011, p. 1). Political Issues or Influences In 1973, women began to grow in numbers in the All-Volunteer Force implemented under President Nixon. â€Å"In February 1988, Department of Defense (DoD) codified the Combat†¦show more content†¦Exceptions of â€Å"assignments to units below the brigade level whose primary mission is direct ground combat† (Keenan, 2008, p. 22) were put in place. H.R. 1928 sought to title the bill â€Å"Women’s Fair and Equal right to Military Service Act† (Sanchez, 2011, p. 1) as more than 250,000 females had already been deployed to combat zones in the Middle East. As of May 2011,137 females had lost their lives while in combat (Sanchez, 2011). As women continue to work side by side with men, the case of equal placement continues. Contrary to that argument is the power to care for family members, specifically the children and how they are affected when their mother goes into battle. Additional Policies that were a Result or Outcome of Combat Exclusion Law Upon the acceptance of the Combat Exclusion Law, each military service was to define their policies to determine where females could and could not serve. What this means to the Army in particular is that â€Å"all jobs except those having the highest probability of engaging in direct combat† (Ferber, 1987, p. 4) will be opened to women in the Army. The Navy, Marines and Air Force have all had to evaluate the exclusion laws as well and establish criteria as appropriate. The Struggle of Course of Events Involving this Issue The ability for one to determine the roles of women in the military became skewed as warfareShow MoreRelated Women in the Military Essay1112 Words   |  5 PagesShould women be allowed in the military? My answer was at first a resounding â€Å"no.† However, once I started my research, my opinion changed. In 1948, Congress passed the combat exclusion law that prohibited women in the Air Force, Marines, and Navy to hold combat positions; however, the Army can assign these duties as they see fit (Schroeder). Some people assume that Americans are not ready to see a woman wounded or killed in war; however, there are female police officers that are wounded or killedRead More Woman in Combat Essay694 Words   |  3 Pages The idea of women in combat is not unusual anymore. They should be able to hold combat positions beacause although physical strength matters, the military still needs the intelligence that women can bring. Also, banning women from the combat hurts their military careers. Although women account for only ten percent of the enlisted personnel (Time, 8/21/95/ Pg. 31), they are still a major part in the armed forces. Their performance recently has generated support from Congress and the public for enhancingRead More Women in Combat Essay1249 Words   |  5 PagesWomen in Combat   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Women have played a tremendous role in many countries armed forces from the past to the present. Women have thoroughly integrated into the armed forces; all positions in the armed forces should be fully accessible to women who can compete with men intellectually and physically. Yet, many argue that the distinction between combat and non-combat becomes blurred in the context of women warfare (Ladin; Holm, Hoar). In actuality, many women are assigned to jobs that willRead MoreThe Military : Protections For Women In The Military1715 Words   |  7 Pagesin 2016 compared to 6,082 last year, an annual military report showed. This was a sharp jump from 2012 when 3,604 cases were reported. Few bills have been presented in Congress against the institution for fear of disrespecting those who are fighting for our country. By attacking one section of the military for injustice and abuse, there is fear that this could possibly only be scratching the surface of the issue. Protections for women in the military seem to have a bleak outcome due to the fact thatRead MoreWomens Fight For Women1361 Words   |  6 PagesWomen in Combat For a long time now women have been an important part of the U.S. military, having performed admirably in Operations Iraqi Freedom and Enduring Freedom. The debate on whether women should play a role in combat has been a long standing debate that has not yet reached a consensus. According to Daniel Davis in his article â€Å"The Truth About Women in Ground Combat Roles† President Obama commended the December 3 decision by Secretary of Defense Ash Carter to open all combat jobs to womenRead MoreEssay Military Women Should NOT Be Allowed in Combat Positions1652 Words   |  7 PagesThe prospect of women in ground combat or on the front-line in the military has proven to be a controversial issue throughout decades of war. This controversy stems from criticisms such as women’s physicality versus men’s, the association of sexual-related situations within the military, and a history of failed gender-integration training. The bottom line, however, is that women should not be allowed in front-line or ground combat unless they are willing and capable of meeting the same standardsRead MoreWomen s Rights Of Women1230 Words   |  5 Pagesstretched from the 1800’s to present day, as women have struggled to have the same civil and constitutional rights as men in politics and be appreciated as equals in the workforce. Groups of women known as suffragists questioned the customary views of women’s roles. Eventually our nation has evolved and realized that male-controlled societies suppress women’s rights. From the beginning steps taken in 1850 to 2013 with women earning combat roles in the military, women’s roles to society, their work ethicRead MoreWhy Do Women Belonf In Combat2123 Words   |  9 Pages2014 Why women belong in combat. Women in combat are female soldiers assigned to combat positions. History suggests that the combat positions were initially assigned to male individuals. Over time, however, individual women serving in combat were usually disguised as men or in leadership positions as queens e.g. queen Boudicca. She led the Britons against Rome. Also, Joan of arc is a famous example. In the WWII (Second World War), hundreds of thousands of German and British women soldiersRead MoreThe Discrimination Of Women During The U.s. Military Essay1767 Words   |  8 PagesThis paper will point out the discrimination of women in the U.S. military. The paper will describe the sexual harassment that is constantly occurring and has been increasing in counts over the past twenty or so years. It will involve many debates about whether women should be in combat role or not and how that history shows that women have already been around the harshness of warfare. Then bringing up, if women are not able to be away from home with just a big time job how will they be able to reactRead MoreWomen s Rights Amendment Act1483 Words   |  6 Pages Women have come a long way ever since the 19th Amendment was passed in 1920 and thereafter with the Equal Rights Amendment Act in 1972 to the U.S Constitution. After decades of struggling and protesting, the 19th Amendment was passed and ratified to grant women the right to vote. Fifty-two years later worth of revisions and persistency, the Equal Rights Amendment was ratified in which it declared that everyone had both Human and Civil rights in the States regardless of sex. Not only did these

Social Studies Free Essays

Social Studies Free Essays Social studies is defined by the Board of Director of the National Council for the social studies as, the integrated study of the social sciences and humanities to promote civic competence. Within the school program, social studies provides coordinated, systematic study drawing upon such disciplines as anthropology, archeology, economics, geography, history, law, philosophy, political science, psychology, religion, and sociology, as well as appropriate content from the humanities, mathematics, and neutral sciences. The primary purpose of social studies is to help young people develop the ability to make informed and reasoned decisions for the public good as citizens of a culturally diverse, democratic society in an interdependent world. We will write a custom essay sample on Social Studies or any similar topic only for you Order Now There are two main characteristics of social studies as a field of study. First is social studies promoting civic competence, the knowledge, skill, and attitudes of a student needed to assume â€Å"the office of citizen† in our democratic republic. The National Council for the Social Studies considers civic competence as a main goal for social studies. The NCSS says, students who learn these skills in social studies will help shape the future of a democratic society. The second characteristic of social studies is the social studies program, K-12, integrates knowledge, skills, and attitudes within and across disciplines. A third characteristic is one in which social studies programs help students construct a knowledge base and attitudes drawn from academic disciplines as specialized ways of viewing reality. This can be achieved with courses such as, history, geography, political science, sociology, and language arts, English and fine arts. Examples from each help students experience concepts reflectively and actively, through reading, thinking, discussing and writing. The fourth characteristic of the social studies program is the demonstration of the changing nature of knowledge, fostering entirely new and highly integrated approaches to resolving issues of significance to humanity. The social studies program should help students gain knowledge of how to know, how to apply what they know, and how to participate in building a future. A well designed social studies curriculum will help each student achieve a blend of personal academic, pluralist, and global views of the human condition with a personal perspective, academic perspective, pluralist perspective, and global perspective. A personal perspective will help to explore events and recurring issues, consider implication for self, family, and the while nation and world community. Students should be able to make choices for themselves and others. Students should learn how to construct an academic perspective through study and application of social studies learning experiences. Based on diversity, social studies students should construct a pluralist perspective. A global perspective includes knowledge, skills, and commitments needed to live wisely in a world that possesses limited resources. It involves viewing the world and the people with understanding and concern. A social studies student will be able to connect knowledge, skills, and values to civic action as they engage in social inquiry. Knowledge is constructed by learners as thy attempt to fit new information, experiences, feeling, and relationships. In social studies educators draw from a number of disciplines to construct circular experiences enabling students to actively relate new knowledge to their existing understanding. For students to be better thinkers and better decision makers, they must have contact with those accustomed to thinking with precision, refinement, and clarity. They should be encouraged to be critical. Skills promoted in an excellent social studies program includes, acquiring information and manipulation data, developing and presenting polices, arguments and stories, constructing new knowledge, and participating in groups. The social studies curriculum focused on how values are formed and how they influence human behavior rather than on building commitment to specific values. The emphasis is placed upon helping students weigh priorities in situations in which a conflict exists between or among values. With each position students will be able to improve the ways in which they deal with persistent issues and dilemmas and participate with others in making decisions about them. Students who pose knowledge, skill, and values are prepared to take appropriate civic action as individuals or as members of groups devoted to civic improvements. The principles of teaching and learning document which must undergird all social studies programs include, social studies teaching and learning are powerful when they are meaningful, social studies teaching and learning are powerful when they are integrated, social studies teaching and learning are powerful when they are value based, they are powerful when they are challenging and they are powerful when they are active. The document also states additional requirements to support an excellent social studies program which lie beyond the control of the individual teacher. The purpose of the social studies standard is to serve as a frame work for K-12 social studies program, to serve as a guide for curriculum decision, and to provide examples of classroom practice to guide teachers in designing instruction to help students meet performance expectations. They provide criteria for making decisions as curriculum planners and teachers address issues, and how to access whether students and apply what they have learned. The social studies standards are presented as a set of ten thematically based curriculum standards, corresponding sets of performance expectations and illustrations of exemplary teaching and learning to foster students achievements of the standards at each school level. The ten standards for the social studies curriculums at every school level are, One culture; two time, continuity, and change; three people, places, and environments; four individual development and identities; fume individuals, gourd, and institutions; six power, authority, and governance; seven production, distribution, and consumption; eight science, technology, and society; nine global connections; and ten civic ideals and practices. The NCSS House of Delegates voted in November 1992 to approve the final version of the definition of social studies. NCSS recently issued position statements on curriculum, assessment, teacher education, and professional development. The purposes and goals of social studies are stated in NCSS’s â€Å"Essentials of the Social Studies,† it identifies citizenship education as the primary purpose of K-12 social studies. It states that, effective social studies programs prepare young people to identify, understand, and work to solve problems. Assumptions about social studies as a school subject include social studies as diverse, all students should have access to the full richness of the social studies curriculum, teachers need adequate time and resources to teach social studies well at every grade level, and social studies teachers need to treat the social world realistically and address its controversial aspects. The vision of powerful social studies teaching and learning comes from the goals and purposes of social studies, the assumptions, and the available research and scholarships. Social studies teaching and learning is powerful when they are meaningful, integrative, value based, challenging and active, all of which are equally important. Powerful social studies teaching and learning is likely to become more common when assessment approaches at all levels focus on measuring progress toward social understanding and efficacy goals; teachers benefit and education receives support from administrators, parents, the local community, and government agencies; and the nation successfully meets ceratin currently recognizable challenges. How to cite Social Studies, Essay examples Social Studies Free Essays Nicholson Garden is a community near to the commercial district of Spanish town. The area of Spanish town and surrounding area has been for years overwhelmed by a variety of social issues ranging from overcrowding lack of proper infrastructure to the most prevailing violent crimes, Nicholson Garden is one of the trouble community usually classified by the term ‘’garrison‘’ or ‘’ghetto’’ it is home to about 400 residents. I have also notice that many are unemployed, a significant amount of young people stop going to school early, many hustle to make ends meet, while some just go with whatever wind may blow. We will write a custom essay sample on Social Studies or any similar topic only for you Order Now I have then decided to conduct a survey on the contributing factors and effects of unemployment in the area of Nicholson garden to shed light on the age long predicament of the residents Statement of problem What are the contributing factors and effects of unemployment in the area of Nicholson Garden? Method of Investigation The method of investigation chosen was a survey; printed questionnaires were used to gather data. The questionnaire has many advantages, 3 of these advantages are; It requires a little time to complete. Questions can be asked directly to get a specific answer. It is private, because responders don’t have to put their names. Instrument used to collect data Dear residents; This is a survey being carried out in the area of Nicholson garden, Spanish town to determine the contributing factors and effect of unemployment in Nicholson garden. To use in my school based assessment (S. B. A. ) in the area of Social Studies. You are advised to answer each question honestly. Your identity will be strictly confidential; please do not put your name. Please put a tick ( ) in the box following the question. Where there is a line please write your answer in that area. Thanks for your cooperation. Question 4 Analysis and interpretation of Data According to the results attained, 50% of the respondents were 27-37 yrs, 35% were 49-59 yrs and 15% were 18-26 yrs. The researcher used various age groups in order to see how unemployment affects both young and old. Evidently, unemployment does affect each person in the age groups, factors such as age and disabilities; most jobs nowadays are recruiting from 18-35 years old; this puts older jobs seekers at a disadvantage. Most businesses are not equipped satisfactory to employ disabled persons and also most refuse the disabled job seekers as it is believe it will put a strain on the company’s resources. In the graph, it is clear that businesses are more interested in keeping those workers who have been there long before rather than hiring new persons. While they might be young, the older workers are more experienced and the company saves time and money from not hiring and training new workers. The second chart represents the educational level of the respondents. While jobs might be available most cannot be position in such areas of employment as most residents are not properly educated and /or not certified and /or do not have adequate experience in the working world. The high poverty level in the community, 65% residents are not in school, hence, they are not equipped with the required knowledge and skill to be a part of the work force; while 26% have only secondary educational level and only 9% have tertiary level education. The job market is one that requires competency and experience and with only a few being having that competence make a living. Most persons refuse to take work out of there area for fear of their life as many believe that coming from Nicholson Garden and going to certain area can be life threatening, that is community violence. Most respondents express that the lack of unavailable jobs are the main causes of unemployment, this was the idea of 35% of the respondents, 30% thought lack of qualification causes unemployment, the fact of persons refusing to work was deemed the cause of unemployment with 20% of the respondents ticking the option and 15% found it to be that other factors cause unemployment as well. They believe to work is too hard and the money they would receive for the labour is too little. They have idea of getting rich quick and being well dressed everyday and have large sums of money at hand; these kinds of beliefs are fuelled by the entertainers who most of the young people are inspired by or the taking other illegal routes to getting the funds. Some steal, sell illegal drugs, and go into prostitution and many more. Social Studies School Based Assessment (S. B. A) Analysis and interpretation of Data According to the results attained, 50% of the respondents were 27-37 yrs, 35% were 49-59 yrs and 15% were 18-26 yrs. The researcher used various age groups in order to see how unemployment affects both young and old. Evidently, unemployment does affect each person in the age groups, factors such as age and disabilities; most jobs nowadays are recruiting from 18-35 years old; this puts older jobs seekers at a disadvantage. Most businesses are not equipped satisfactory to employ disabled persons and also most refuse the disabled job seekers as it is believe it will put a strain on the company’s resources. In the graph, it is clear that businesses are more interested in keeping those workers who have been there long before rather than hiring new persons. While they might be young, the older workers are more experienced and the company saves time and money from not hiring and training new workers. The second chart represents the educational level of the respondents. While jobs might be available most cannot be position in such areas of employment as most residents are not properly educated and /or not certified and /or do not have adequate experience in the working world. The high poverty level in the community, 65% residents are not in school, hence, they are not equipped with the required knowledge and skill to be a part of the work force; while 26% have only secondary educational level and only 9% have tertiary level education. The job market is one that requires competency and experience and with only a few being having that competence and skill in the community, then it leaves majority of the community being unemployed. The third chart shows skilled persons (15%) and those who are unskilled (85%). The unskilled persons declared that they were neither out of school or obtained a secondary education but not trained in any specific area. The 15% skilled persons consist of persons who obtained the Most respondents express that the.. Bibliography Modules in Social Studies with SBA guide and CXC questions 4th Edition, Ramsawak, Rampersad and Ralph R. Umraw Acknowledgment I would to thank god almighty for giving me the strength and wisdom to complete this project. I also wish to thank my teacher mrs cole for her help and invaluable feedback. How to cite Social Studies, Papers

Constitutional Recognition of Indigenous Education and Perspective

Question: Discuss about the Constitutional Recognition of Indigenous Education and Perspective. Answer: Introduction: The present paper is going to identify and elaborate the reason behind the opposition by a growing number of Indigenous activists to the proposal of recognizing Australias Indigenous people in the Commonwealth constitution. Earlier the constitution of Australia has been intended to integrate Australia under the original agreement of the Australian people though it could not take place because the first people or the aboriginals have not been included in the particular agreement. In time of drafting the Australian constitution, unfortunately the Aboriginal and the people of Torres Strait Island were excluded from the meeting and discussion. Moreover, the Australian constitution itself discriminated against the Aboriginal and Torres Island people and therefore they have continuously failed to protect the rights of the aboriginals and the Torres Island people. Further, previously the Australian constitution did not even bother to prevent the RDAs suspension for the territory emergency r esponse of the northern Australia. It is essential to mention that over years, the constitutional recognition has been a steady topic for all the prime ministers such as Kevin Rudd, Jillian Gillard, Tony Abbot and John Howard. The topic of constitutional recognition for the sake of the Aboriginals has become an electoral campaign by the aforementioned prime ministers. The expert panel established by Jillian Gillard to make report regarding the kind of change and referendum in the Commonwealth constitution. As per the recommendations made by the expert panel, there is the urgent need removing two particular sections from the Commonwealth constitution, which are section 25 and section 51. According to section 25, the state can prohibit people from voting based on their individual race. On the other hand, according to section 51, laws can be passed for supporting discrimination against individuals based on racism. Furthermore, according to the recommendation made by the expert panel, a new referendum should be made that will insert three new sections, which would be section 51 A, section 116 A and section 127 A. The incorporation of section 51 A would help to recognize as well as preserve the fundamental rights of the Aboriginals and at the same time would push the ability of the Australian government to pass laws for giving benefits for the Indigenous individuals. The insert of the section of 116 A would prohibit any kind of racial discrimination by the Australian government against the Aboriginal people. Moreover, the incorporation of section 127 A will help in recognize the language of the Aboriginal to be the first tongue of the nation, while at the same time would confirm English to be the national language of the country. Nevertheless, at the penultimate stage, unfortunately the government found lack of support from both the Indigenous and non-indigenous people as most of them wished not to lose the existing valuable works of the panel. Henceforth, the representatives of the federal house found the necessity to pass a bill that is now known as the Aboriginals and Torres Strait Islander Peoples Recognition Act. The act has been passed in order to provide support for recognizing the rights of the Aboriginal and Torres Island people. According to the aforementioned acts introduction, the Indigenous and the Torres Island people should be considered as the initial inhabitants of Australia. Through the particular Bill, the Australian parliament acknowledges the suggestions and significant work as well as the proposal for the Indigenous people by the expert panel. The preamble of the act says that the Australian government would be responsible for making a national consensus for recognizing and acknowledging the rights of the Aboriginal people in the constitution. Most significantly, the parliament has the faith on the particular Bill and thinks that the Bill will act as a potential measure in bringing the required change in the Commonwealth constitution. It is to consider in this respect that along with several positive included in the Aboriginals and Torres Strait Islander Peoples Recognition Act, there are some flaws too. The Bill strongly shows positive sign in recognizing the history, culture, heritage as well as languages of the Indigenous people of the nation. However, the Bill has not covered the necessity to protect the rights of the Indigenous people, their predominant relationship with the nation. The Bill is gradually growing a dissenting voice and it is being anticipated that the reason behind such occurrence is the idea of declining the wish of substantive recognition of the indigenous people. It has been understood further that that the panels intention has been mainly to give symbolic recognition by declining the substantive one. The issue that has been actually estimated to be mitigated by the Bill - is the gap between the utilization of social provision, employment, education and health rights of the indigenous and n on-indigenous people. The powerlessness of the native people of the nation and the governments treatment of the Aboriginals to be the second class citizens of the country has still not been addressed properly. Thus there is the need of a clause that would specifically address the aforementioned gap. It should be considered that a clause, which will be convenient for addressing the gaps in the Bill, should abide the fundamental principles of the substantive law. It is known that the chief purpose of the substantive law is to develop a set of legal rights, which will successfully govern the behavior of the society. Henceforth, it can be definitely said that more than a symbolic recognition, there is the need for a substantive recognition as it is the discriminating behavior of the people towards the Aboriginals, which should amended at first. In this context, it is essential to mention that there is the need for reinforcing the right to freedom of expression, because of the fact that the expression performs as an effective instrument in promoting as well as protecting the fundamental common rights of people. Numerous Indigenous activists are opposing currently to the decision of making constitutional recognition as most of their opinions urge that they need a substantive recogniti on rather than a symbolic one. As per the most common anticipation regarding the contradictory behavior of several Indigenous people, the opposition is taking place as there is well-founded fear of losing the sovereignty among the Aboriginals. The anticipation is agreeable as the recognition of the constitution by the initiative of the Bill would not address the substantive need of the Indigenous society. On the other hand, over last few years, the bipartisan at the federal level started to show support for the Aboriginal people of Australia and proposed to amend the constitution for pursuing betterment for the Torres Island people. In the month of August in 2010, the Bipartisan support has been declared again by the major parties in terms of election commitment in the election at federal level. Very recently, the proposal for bringing amendment in the Australian constitution is evoked and the necessity to recognize the involvement of the Indigenous people of Australia in the commonwealth constitution has been offered again. Nevertheless, unfortunately this time a growing number of activists belonging to the Indigenous community are showing opposite reaction as they are continuously opposing to such a proposal for amendment. In this context, it is essential to mention that the people belonging to the Torres Strait Island and to the Indigenous community continuously fights and struggle for obtaining their rights acknowledged by the people and Government of Australia. The most possible reason behind such contradictory behavior of the Aboriginal people of Australia is supposed to be the well-founded fear. Prior to find out and elaborate the reasons behind the contradictory behavior towards the amendment of Australian constituent, it is essential to identify the fundamental issues found in the Australian constituent regarding the rights for the Aboriginal people of the country. Therefore, it is essential to mention that the Australian constituent came into enforcement in the 1st January in the year 1901. Instead of holding acknowledged rights and equal provision for the people of Australia, the constituent lack involvement of the Aboriginal people. The Australian constituent constantly showed discrimination for the marginalized people of the society and the constituent not even recognize the place of the Aboriginals in terms of the traditional owners of Australia as well as the first people. It is shameful as well to denote that the Australian constitution does not hold a Bill of rights for the Aboriginal people. Therefore, understandably for a long time, the Indigenous people are livi ng an uncertain life that is vulnerable for any kind of exploitation as well as violation against human rights. However, later in the year 1967, the discriminatory clauses long pursued by the Australian government have been amended by the 1967 referendum. The main problem with the Australian government has been their silence and lack of intention to acknowledge the long history of the Indigenous people and their existence in the land. It has been suggested by several activists that age old Australian constitution is required to be amended and in order to amend that there is the need for national votes. The referendum, which is the representation of the national vote, has been pursued by several Indigenous and even non-Indigenous people of Australia for over the last decade. The contradictory matter, which is prohibiting the accomplishment of the proposal of acknowledging the rights of the Aboriginal people are different opinions coming from different Indigenous activists. It is controversial as per the reason that a disappointing extent of different opinions on the proposal for constitutional recognition are coming from both the Indigenous and non-Indigenous people. In this respect, it is to mention that two separate groups of people have gradually formed regarding the amendment decision for the Australian constituent. One group that is in favor of the proposal for constitutional recognition and the other that oppose, the constitutional recognition for the sake of Indigenous people. It has been found out that according to the group that has been in favor of the proposal believe that the amendment would provide benefit to the Aboriginal and Torres Island people of Australia. According to the particular group, the constitutional reform will address the history of the exclusion made by the Indigenous people of Australia. Moreover, they believe the amendment of the constitution would make improvement in the sense of social and emotional well-being as well as self worth of the Aboriginal people individually and the Indigenous community as part of the Australian national identity. Most significantly, the particular group anticipates that the amendment enshrine all kinds of non-discrimination practiced by the constitution and will thereafter build a positive relationship that will be based on respect as well as trust for Aboriginals. On the other hand, the party, which is showing opposition against the amendment, is saying that the constitutional recognition would not aid the everyday disadvantages faced by the Aboriginals. Furthermore, according to the opposing group, the recognition of the Indigenous rights in terms of amendment is a token gesture and after the recognition there is chance that the Aboriginals would be governed by an illegitimate government. It has been understood that the chief reason behind the opposition is that most of the Indigenous activists still consider the constitutional recognition to be a threat for the sovereignty of the Aboriginal people. It has been further identified that according to the Indigenous activists who are strongly opposing the constitutional recognition, the amendment will prove another type of assimilation. Most importantly, the activists opposing the proposal for amendment thinks that the act of recognition is an act of racism too.[23] They believe that the non-indi genous people who are proposing to bring the recognition are only doing it for the pursuing a principle, which says that no individual should be singled out based on racism. Therefore, it can be said that the main reason due to which the Indigenous activists are opposing the proposal of amendment is that they believe that there should be substantive recognition and not any symbolic recognition. In this context, it is essential to mention that the Australian government has been urging for pursuing a constitutional recognition of the Indigenous and the people of Torres Island from the year 2007. According to Robbie Thorpe the veteran Gunnai activist, the inclusion of the first nation people into the reformed constitution would be equal to the act of tacking the Indigenous people back the policy that is known as the White Australia policy. According the particular activist, if the nation would finally amend the constitution it would ultimately push the Aboriginals to give up their sovereignty. On the other hand, the territory of Aotearoa has also started reviewing and amending the constitution for the benefit of the Aboriginal people. The amendment of the constitution has been decided to incorporate both the Bill of rights and the founding document of the nation that is known as treaty of Waitangi. It is however, unfortunate to denote that the evidence of agreement with the Aboriginals or the first nations people as well as the original Bill of rights is missing from the legal groundings of Australia. On the other side, the constitutional conversation from the side of New Zealand that has been instigated by the Maori party have two chief focuses, which are the Treatys role and the representation of the Maori people in the government. Henceforth, it is indicative of the fact that the importance of the involvement of the Aboriginals in the nations constitution has been recognized by the neighbor nation New Zealand too. Nevertheless, as per the opinion of Bob Weatherall, the chairman of the center of the Indigenous cultural policy, the proposed amendment in the Australian constitution would be another example of the paternalistic policy of the government. According to the chairman of the center of the Indigenous cultural policy, the recognition of the Indigenous rights in terms of amendment in the commonwealth constitution would only be a symbolic recognition. Furthermore, it has been understood from Bob Weatherall's opinion against the constitutional recognition that instead of the proposal of the amendment, there will be no change in the condition of the Aboriginal people. It has been further understood that the amendment will be a mere act that would be only imposed upon the indigenous people and the dominant society made by the non-indigenous people would continue to deprive the first nation people in the ground of fundamental freedom. In this context, it is necessary to note down that David Leyonhjelm who is known to be the senator has been recognized recently as the first politician who has boldly broken the push of the bipartisan support for the constitutional recognition. According to Mr. Leyonhjelm, the new identification of the foundation document is a perverse racism. On the other hand, there is Gary Johns who have argued about the fact that legislatively Aboriginal people have been recognized a long time ago. Through legislations like native title as well as the heritage protection law the Mr. Johns believe that the recognition has been undergone a long time ago. It is unfortunate though at the same time sets the evidence that there is still numerous government bodies who are not even ready to pursue the constitutional recognition. Therefore, it is indicative of the fact that the declination of the desire for substantive recognition of the Aboriginal people and persuasion of the symbolic recognition should not be accomplished. It can be said the symbolic recognition would only be helpful in showing apparently that there would be no racial behavior and discrimination against the people of the Indigenous community and the individuals of the Torres Island. A symbolic recognition would not be able to completely mitigate the dominance of the non-indigenous citizens over the Aboriginals. Therefore, there is the need for substantive recognition too. However, as per one of the well-known layer and author for the Indigenous people of Australia - Larissa Behrendt, the ongoing argument that constitutional recognition would highly impact on the sovereignty of the Indigenous people is not considerable and correct legally. Further she has mentioned that the inherent sovereignty cannot be taken easily by anything and the current constitutional reform does not have any potential aspect that can possibly undermine the particular ability for the Torres Island people to penetrate into the treaty. Therefore, it is understandable that not all activists from the Indigenous ground are entirely opposing the constitutional recognition though it is an indication that there is the dire need for a substantive reformation. It could not be ignored in this respect that one of the reasons behind opposing the proposal for amendment that says it would be an irrelevant distraction is true. It should be kept in mind that the initial purpose of the symbolic recognition of the constitution is to make the Indigenous people feel good for having recognition of their right. It is therefore should not be neglected that the symbolic recognition would detrimentally shift the focus of the people from demanding their rights in every social aspect to a mere feeling of being recognized finally. In this respect it is to mention that, in the year 2015, a proposal for recognizing rights of the Indigenous people of Australia in symbolic way outside the constitution has been made by Noel Pearson. The proposal indicates that instead of being purely symbolic, the amendment should provide the opportunity of establishing a legislative body, which will be constitutionally-entrenched of elected Aboriginal leaders. It is unfortunate that such a doable and fruitful proposal had been finally dismissed by the final report of the Joint select committee. Therefore, it can be said with a coherent understanding that there are fears well-founded behind opposing the proposal for amendment and the fears are not valueless. The reasons are henceforth understandably the fear of losing sovereignty, the futileness of the symbolic recognition and the fear of losing rights in future to fight for gaining recognitions of rights in true terms. The most significant aspect, which is essential more to consider than recognizing the chief reasons behind the opposition of the amendment is that the opposition should not be taken lightly. It is understandable from the above discussion and elaboration that there is the need for a substantive reformation as symbolic recognition would only acknowledge the rights of the Aboriginals and Torres Island people and would not be capable enough any potential and practical change in the society. Therefore, there is the need for involving a set of substantive law for bringing change in the discriminating behavior of th e Australian society against the Indigenous people as the chief desire of every Aboriginal people is to get honorable treatment from the society at first. Thus, from the above paper it can be concluded that for a long time the persuasion for changing the constitution is being a staple concern though implementation of laws like the Aboriginals and Torres Strait Islander Peoples Recognition Act could not potentially bring any change. Moreover, it has been understood that the new initiative of amending the constitution would not be fruitful either as per the reason that it would only bring symbolic recognition whereas the actual need is the need of substantive recognition. On the other hand, the paper has also indicated that the reason of losing sovereignty is also there among the opposing Indigenous groups. Therefore, it can be concluded that along with the symbolic recognition, in terms of amendment substantive recognition should also be accomplished. It can be suggested that the parliament can think of bringing change in the constitution by considering the proposal made by Noel Pearson in the year 2015. It is because with the accomplis hment of the proposal, the rights of the Aboriginals would be recognized truly as there will be elected Aboriginal leaders to suggest the Australian government. References Aboriginal Land Rights (Northern Territory) Amendment Act 2006 (Cth) Australian Constitution Brennan, Frank. "Constitutional change that will improve indigenous quality of life." (2015)Eureka Street25.12: 18. Brennan, Frank. "Contours and prospects for Indigenous recognition in the Australian Constitution and why it matters."(2016) AUSTRALIAN LAW JOURNAL90.5: 340-354. Burton, Kelley, Thomas Crofts and Stella Tarrant, Principles of Criminal Law in Queensland and Western Australia (Lawbook, 2011) Davis, Megan. "Indigenous Australians and the Constitutional Project: The Politics of Discrimination and Why Recognition Is Not Enough." (2014)S. Cross UL Rev.17: 3. Davis, Megan. "Indigenous constitutional recognition from the point of view of self-determination and its exercise through democratic participation."(2015) Indigenous Law Bulletin8.19: 10. Hocking, Rachael, and S. Brown. "Indigenous campaign builds against constitutional recognition." (2014)ABC News Online10. Kelly, Dominic. "Recognition from the right." (2016)Meanjin75.3: 17. Kildea, Paul, and A. J. Brown. "The Referendum That Wasn't: Constitutional Recognition of Local Government and the Australian Federal Reform Dilemma." (2016). Langton, Marcia. "The question of constitutional recognition: Marcia Langton talks to David Leyonhjelm." (2015)Meanjin74.3: 156. Macklem, Patrick, and Douglas Sanderson, eds.From Recognition to Reconciliation: Essays on the Constitutional Entrenchment of Aboriginal and Treaty Rights. (University of Toronto Press, 2016) McKenna, Mark. "Tokenism or belated recognition? Welcome to Country and the emergence of Indigenous protocol in Australia, 19912014." (2014)Journal of Australian Studies38.4: 476-489. McMillan, Mark. "Is federalism being undermined in the current surge to'recognise'indigenous Australians in (and into) the commonwealth constitution?." (2016)Indigenous Law Bulletin8.25: 15. Racial Discrimination Act 1975 Racial Discrimination Amendment Bill 2016 Davies, Megan, Its Our Countries (Melbourne University Publishing, 2016) Royer, Ludivine. "Using Ones Right of Inspection: Australia, the United Nations, Human Rights and Aboriginal People." (2014)Revue LISA/LISA e-journal. Littratures, Histoire des Ides, Images, Socits du Monde AnglophoneLiterature, History of Ideas, Images and Societies of the English-speaking World12.7. Stone, Adrienne, and Elisa Arcioni. "Australian Constitutional Culture and the Social Role of the Constitution." (2015). Thomas, Gary. "The right to be human: Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples and human rights."(2015) Knowledge of Life: Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Australia: 203. Williams, George. "Constitutional recognition by way of an Indigenous advisory body?." (2015)Indigenous Law Bulletin8.18: 12. Williams, George. "Recognising Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Peoples in the Constitution."U. Tas. L. Rev.34 (2015): 114. Wood, Asmi. "Confluence of the Rivers: Constitutional Recognition of Australias First Peoples." (2017)Peacebuilding and the Rights of Indigenous Peoples. Springer International Publishing,. 89-103. Young, Simon, Jennifer Nielsen, and Jeremy Patrick. "Constitutional recognition of first peoples in Australia-theories and comparative perspectives." (2016).

Factors to Promote Health Samples for Students -Myassignmenthelp

Question: Discuss about the different factors of Determinants of Health that has an impact on health and well-being of an Individual. Answer: Introduction: The paper explores different factors of determinants of health that has an impact on health and well-being of an individual. This is done through the case study of Greta Balodis, 75 year old widow with right sided cerebrovascular accident and increased dependence in daily life activities due to fall. The paper highlights the needs for appropriate service for Greta at home by means of assessment regarding her activities of daily living (ADLs). Secondly, the report provides a discussion on the determinants of health factors that has contributed to diagnosis of stroke in patient. Furthermore, the paper also presents the pathophysiology behind the condition and reason for risk of social isolation in the patient. This analysis finally helps to determine the care priorities for Greta in accordance with code of conduct and code of ethics. Nursing assessment: Understanding of ADLS and identified service required Mrs. Greta Balodis is a 75 year old widow who has returned from rehabilitation post a right-sided cerebrovascular accident (VCA). As a nurse visiting Greta for the first time at home, the objective data related to level of ADLs can be collected by means of simple interviewing techniques. By this means, impairment in basis activities of daily living and medication use can be identified. Inquiry about recent case of fall in patient will help to predict level of assistance needed in ADLs. Nurse can also ask Greta whether she needs assistance in feeding, ambulating or toileting. The patient may be inquired about problems or symptoms that interfere with their daily activities. It will also be crucial to collect data related to medication history, surgical history, social history and allergic reactions in patient to assess Gretas ability to manage activities of daily living (Fillenbaum, G.G., 2013). Observation skills would also help to interpret ADL level in Greta. For instance, observation of patients personality and dressing sense would give lot of information about patient ability to personal hygiene and continence management. This strategy would help to categorize ADL performance level into discrete stage of loss. Impairment in personal hygiene is early loss, toileting and locomotion impairment is middle loss and assistance in eating is late stage of loss (Janssen et al. 2014). Nurse can collect the subjective data regarding the level of personal hygiene, continence management, dressing, feeding and ambulating needs by the use of ADL assessment tool. The Katz Index of Independence in Activities of Daily Living is one of the tools that can help a nurse to measure activities of Greta. This tool helps to assess dependence and independence in activities of bathing, dressing, toileting, transferring, continence and feeding. The higher score of 6 will give the indication that Greta has high independence in ADLs, whereas the low score will determine dependency in ADLs. This is a validated tool to assess the level of independence particularly in older patient (Arik et al. 2015). As Greta is a 75 year old patient with right sided cerebrovascular accident, dementia and arthritis and muscoskeletal conditions, she needs assistance in locomotion. Secondly, after she had tripped over a cat, her condition has deteriorated further. This mean she needs high level of support service to help her safely manage basic activities in her home. Rehabilitation service at home will be essential for Greta to reduce her physical disabilities daily activities. The goal of the service would be facilitate daily activities and functional efficiency in patient (Vincent et al. 2007). Home health care service will be particularly important for Greta to improve function, promote greater independence, prevent fall and optimize her well-being. Identified determinants of health The health status of Greta has deteriorated after suffering from stroke and sustaining a fall at home. The diagnosis of stroke in patients might be influenced by the political, social, environmental, gender, genetic and economic determinants of health. The social factor for increasing risk of stroke in Greta is loneliness because she lived alone in her home as her husband had died and her daughter lived away. There was little social support for her due to complex family dynamics. Research also suggests that loneliness is linked to heightened risk of stroke (Nagayoshi et al. 2014). Genetic factor might also be a cause of stroke in Greta if her family has a history of stroke. The psychosocial life of Greta and her advancing age also indicate that she might be affected by financial problem, which might have altered her lifestyle and dietary intake. All this might have exposed Greta to modifiable risk factor for stroke such as poor diet, physical activity and acute emotional triggers in daily life (Vaccarino and Bremner 2017). Hence, overall environment around Greta does not support her in healthy living which has increased her emotional triggers and contributed to stroke. Identified pathophysiology of disease and medication to improve Gretas condition Greta was diagnosed with right cerebral vascular accident and atrial fibrillation for which she had to spent 14 days in acute care hospital. On discharge home from hospital, she was given the following medications: Aspirin PO 100mg daily, Clopidogrel PO 75mg daily,Digoxin 125mcg PO daily. Aspirin is a medication that contains acetylsalicyclic acid that works to prevent thrombus formation in blood by blocking the cyclooxygenase enzyme. This inhibits the synthesis of thromboxane A2 and prevents blood clotting. Hence, this function of the drugs reduces the risk of heart attack and stroke in patients. It has been used for primary and secondary prevention of stroke, angina, atrial fibrillation and coronary syndrome (Halvorsen et al. 2014). For this purpose, the medication was given to Greta. In addition, Clopidogrel 75mg was prescribed to Greta as it is antiplatelet medication that reduces the chance of blood clotting in patients. This significant helps to reduce atherothrombotic events like stroke in patient. This antiplatelet therapy will reduce the occurrence of secondary artherothrombotic events in people who have experienced stroke (Wolff et al. 2014). In addition, Digoxin is given to Greta post discharge because it provided relied from itrregular heartbeats. As Greta suffered from chronic atrial fibrillation, this medication served to address irregular heartbeat and consequently risk for blood clotting. Therefore, the cardiac glycosides medication changes the mineral composition inside heart cell to reduce the strain in heart and promote steady heartbeat (Washam et al. 2015). All these medications aimed to reduce symptoms of stroke and atrial fibrillation in Greta. Cause of risk to social or mental health issues in Greta Greta is at risk of social isolation in her life because of her complex family dynamics. She is a widow and her only daughter Anne cannot provide her much emotional and physical support due to her own family issues. Annes husband is engage in problematic alcohol and drug use due to which Annes and Johns relationship has been scarred. This has an effect of Annes son too as he also displays erratic behavior. Hence, Gretas only source of family support is herself not in a condition to care for her mother. Experience and feelings of social isolation in Greta is an issue considering her advancing age. At this age, she needed full support and emotional attachment from her family. However, in the condition lack of such support she is vulnerable to many risks such as poor health, depression and other mental illness. Ben, Dalgard., and Bjertness, (2012) also provides evidence to the direct relation between psychological distress and emotional support in elderly. Social support act as a mediator between psychological distress and health problems in elderly and lack of this might expose Greta to greater health issues. Hence, in order to increase health and well-being in Greta, adequate community based service should be provided to her reduce stress, enhance her physical health and overcome psychological issues in her life. This will provide her better quality of life as she ages. Legal and ethical responsibilities in care The main responsibilities of health professional towards Greta would be to improve her daily living by means of effective assistive support at home. The key priority would be to provide rehabilitation to reduce her disability, assist her in ADLs, manage her medications and diet requirement and modify environment and provided aids to prevent fall in Greta. As the health care service is meant to be delivered at home, the key code of conducts and code of ethics will be applied to deliver care. The purpose of Australian Home Care is to achieve independence, health and well-being for patient. The ethical and legal responsibility in care according to code of ethics and conduct for residential aged care will include preserving the right of patient to respect, security, cultural identity, and confidentiality. It will be ensured that appropriate standard of care is provided to meet the needs of elderly and support them in their social needs too. These values would help to provide flexible and responsive Aged Care services (Code of ethics and guide to ethical conduct for residential aged care 2017). Conclusion The essay summarized the importance of appropriate social, political, biological and environment factors to promote health and well-being in an individual. The interrelationship between these factors determines the health of an individual as well as the population. This is understood from the case analysis of Greta who suffered from stroke due to poor family dynamics, lack of social support in life, unstable family life and increase in emotional distress. This condition and environment around Greta suggest that she was deprived of basic family and emotional support that she needed at her age. These deficits contributed to her worsening health condition and increase in dependence in basic activities of living Reference Arik, G., Varan, H.D., Yavuz, B.B., Karabulut, E., Kara, O., Kilic, M.K., Kizilarslanoglu, M.C., Sumer, F., Kuyumcu, M.E., Yesil, Y. and Halil, M., 2015. Validation of Katz index of independence in activities of daily living in Turkish older adults.Archives of gerontology and geriatrics,61(3), pp.344-350. Ben, H., Dalgard, O.S. and Bjertness, E., 2012. The importance of social support in the associations between psychological distress and somatic health problems and socio-economic factors among older adults living at home: a cross sectional study.BMC geriatrics,12(1), p.27. Code of ethics and guide to ethical conduct for residential aged care. 2017.swsi.moodle.tafensw.edu.au [online] Available at: https://swsi.moodle.tafensw.edu.au/pluginfile.php/451299/mod_resource/content/3/Ethics%20in%20Aged%20Care%20.pdf [Accessed 12 Jun. 2017]. 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Behavioral, emotional and neurobiological determinants of coronary heart disease risk in women.Neuroscience Biobehavioral Reviews,74, pp.297-309. Vincent, C., Deaudelin, I., Robichaud, L., Rousseau, J., Viscogliosi, C., Talbot, L.R. and Desrosiers, J., 2007. Rehabilitation needs for older adults with stroke living at home: perceptions of four populations.BMC geriatrics,7(1), p.20. Washam, J.B., Stevens, S.R., Lokhnygina, Y., Halperin, J.L., Breithardt, G., Singer, D.E., Mahaffey, K.W., Hankey, G.J., Berkowitz, S.D., Nessel, C.C. and Fox, K.A., 2015. Digoxin use in patients with atrial fibrillation and adverse cardiovascular outcomes: a retrospective analysis of the Rivaroxaban Once Daily Oral Direct Factor Xa Inhibition Compared with Vitamin K Antagonism for Prevention of Stroke and Embolism Trial in Atrial Fibrillation (ROCKET AF).The Lancet,385(9985), pp.2363-2370. Wolff, S., Gengo, F., Westphal, E.S., Rainka, M. and Bates, V., 2014. Abstract T MP108: A Concentration Response Relationship Between the Active Metabolite of Clopidogrel and its Antiplatelet Activity.